Is Violin Really That Hard to Learn?
Common Misconception
Many believe that the violin is one of the hardest instruments to learn. This belief often discourages potential learners. However, the difficulty of learning the violin is not as daunting as it seems. Understanding the key aspects and approaching the instrument methodically can make the learning process manageable.
Difficulty Varies Based on Individual Factors
The difficulty of learning the violin varies for each person. Factors like age, musical background, and dedication influence the learning curve. Young children may find it easier to pick up new skills, while adults might have better focus and discipline.
Musical Background: Those with prior experience in music may find it easier to learn the violin. Understanding music theory and having a trained ear can significantly speed up the learning process.
Physical Coordination: Good hand-eye coordination and finger dexterity play a crucial role. These skills develop over time with consistent practice, making it easier to learn complex techniques.
Discuss the Role of Practice and Dedication
Practice and dedication are key to mastering the violin. Here’s how you can effectively incorporate these elements into your learning journey:
Set a Regular Practice Schedule: Consistency is crucial. Aim to practice daily, even if it’s only for a short period. Regular practice helps develop muscle memory and improves technique.
Break Down Practice Sessions: Divide your practice time into segments. Spend time on different aspects such as scales, bowing exercises, and playing pieces. This approach keeps practice sessions varied and prevents monotony.
Use Quality Learning Resources: Invest in good learning materials. This includes method books, online tutorials, and instructional videos. Quality resources provide structured guidance and help avoid common pitfalls.
Find a Good Teacher: A qualified violin teacher can offer personalized feedback and correct mistakes early. Look for instructors with a proven track record and positive reviews. Their expertise can significantly shorten the learning curve.
Stay Motivated: Set small, achievable goals to keep motivated. Celebrate your progress and remember that learning the violin is a journey. Patience and persistence are essential.
Practical Steps for Beginners
Start with Proper Posture: Learn the correct way to hold the violin and bow. Good posture prevents injury and facilitates better playing technique. Use a mirror to check your posture regularly.
Focus on Intonation: Accurate finger placement is critical. Use finger tapes on the fingerboard as guides. Practice scales slowly, listening carefully to each note to ensure it is in tune.
Bowing Techniques: Begin with simple bowing exercises. Practice smooth, even strokes on open strings. Gradually introduce different bowing techniques like detache, legato, and staccato.
Ear Training: Develop your ear by listening to professional violin recordings. Try to match their tone and pitch. This practice improves your intonation and musicality.
Regular Feedback: Record your practice sessions and review them. Note areas that need improvement and focus on them in subsequent sessions. Feedback from recordings can be invaluable in tracking progress.
Join a Community: Engage with other learners through forums, social media groups, or local music clubs. Sharing experiences and tips can provide additional motivation and support.
Breaking Down the Violin Learning Curve
Key Challenges Faced by Beginners
Learning the violin comes with several challenges. For beginners, these include proper finger placement, bowing techniques, and reading sheet music. Understanding these hurdles is essential for a smooth learning journey.
Finger Placement: Many beginners struggle with accurate finger placement. The violin lacks frets, unlike guitars, making intonation a significant challenge. This can lead to frustration as notes sound off-pitch.
Bowing Techniques: Controlling the bow to produce a clean sound is difficult. Beginners often find it challenging to apply the right amount of pressure and maintain a steady bowing motion.
Reading Sheet Music: Violin music often includes complex notations and symbols that can overwhelm new learners. Understanding musical notation and rhythms is a skill that requires time and practice.
How to Overcome Common Hurdles
To overcome these challenges, follow these practical steps:
Practice Regularly: Consistent practice is crucial. Aim for daily practice sessions, even if they are short. This helps develop muscle memory and improves finger placement accuracy.
Use Finger Tapes: Place tapes on the fingerboard as a visual guide. This helps beginners understand where to place their fingers for correct intonation.
Bow Hold Exercises: Practice bow hold exercises without the violin. Use a pencil to simulate the bow and focus on maintaining a relaxed grip. This builds the muscle memory needed for proper bow control.
Simplified Sheet Music: Start with simplified sheet music. Beginner pieces with fewer notes and simpler rhythms help build confidence. Gradually move to more complex pieces as skills improve.
Tips for Building a Strong Foundation
Building a strong foundation is key to long-term success:
Invest in a Good Teacher: A qualified violin teacher can provide personalized guidance and correct mistakes early on. Look for instructors with good reviews and proven experience.
Set Realistic Goals: Set achievable goals for each practice session. This keeps motivation high and ensures steady progress. Celebrate small victories to stay encouraged.
Use a Metronome: Practice with a metronome to develop a strong sense of timing and rhythm. This tool helps in maintaining consistent tempo and improves overall musicality.
Record Practice Sessions: Recording practice sessions allows for self-assessment. Listen to the recordings to identify areas needing improvement and track progress over time.
Mastering Bowing Techniques
Importance of Bowing
Bowing is fundamental to playing the violin. Proper bowing technique produces a clean, rich sound and allows for expressive playing. It also affects intonation and dynamics.
Different Bowing Strokes and Exercises
Detache: This is a basic stroke where each note is played with a separate bow stroke. Practice detache by playing open strings, focusing on smooth, even strokes.
Legato: Legato involves playing several notes in a single bow stroke. Practice scales with long, connected bow strokes to master legato.
Staccato: Staccato requires short, detached notes. Practice this by playing quick, sharp strokes on open strings. Focus on controlled, precise movements.
Spiccato: This involves bouncing the bow off the strings. To practice spiccato, use a light grip and quick, short bow strokes. Start slowly and increase speed as control improves.
Exercises to Improve Bowing Techniques
- Bow Hold Exercise: Hold a pencil like a bow. Practice moving it up and down, focusing on maintaining a relaxed grip.
- Open String Exercise: Play open strings with various bowing techniques. This helps focus on bow control without worrying about finger placement.
- Mirror Practice: Practice bowing in front of a mirror to ensure proper bow angle and straight bow strokes.
Achieving Perfect Pitch
Concept of Perfect Pitch
Perfect pitch refers to the ability to identify or reproduce a note without any reference. While not everyone is born with perfect pitch, intonation (playing in tune) can be improved through practice.
Exercises to Improve Intonation
Use a Tuner: Regularly check your tuning with an electronic tuner. Play a note and adjust your finger placement until the tuner indicates it is in tune.
Drone Practice: Play along with a drone (a sustained pitch). This helps develop a sense of pitch and improves intonation. Focus on matching your pitch with the drone.
Scales and Arpeggios: Practice scales and arpeggios slowly, paying close attention to each note’s pitch. This reinforces correct finger placement and improves muscle memory.
Interval Training: Practice playing intervals (distance between two notes). Start with simple intervals and gradually move to more complex ones. This helps in recognizing pitch differences.
Listening and Imitation: Listen to recordings of professional violinists and try to imitate their intonation. This develops a good ear for pitch and improves overall musicality.
How Long Does It Take to Learn Violin?
Factors Affecting Learning Speed
Learning the violin is a journey that varies for each person. Several factors influence how quickly you can progress:
Age: Younger learners often pick up new skills faster. Their brains are more adaptable, and they can develop muscle memory quickly. However, adults can compensate with better discipline and focus.
Musical Background: If you have prior experience with music, such as playing another instrument or understanding music theory, you may progress faster. Familiarity with reading sheet music and rhythm can be a significant advantage.
Practice Routine: Consistency is key. Regular, focused practice sessions contribute more to your progress than sporadic, lengthy sessions. Daily practice, even for short periods, helps build muscle memory and improves technique.
Quality of Instruction: A good violin teacher can make a huge difference. Personalized feedback and structured lessons help you avoid bad habits and correct mistakes early. Look for teachers with positive reviews and proven experience.
Dedication and Motivation: Your commitment to learning and your motivation level are crucial. Setting clear, achievable goals and celebrating small milestones can keep you motivated throughout your learning journey.
Realistic Timeframes for Different Skill Levels
Understanding how long it might take to learn the violin helps set realistic expectations. Here are general timeframes for different skill levels:
Beginner Level:
- Timeframe: 6 months to 1 year
- Skills Acquired: Basic posture, holding the violin and bow, simple scales, and beginner pieces.
- Practice Routine: 20-30 minutes daily
- Focus: Developing good habits, learning to read music, and playing simple songs.
Intermediate Level:
- Timeframe: 1 to 3 years
- Skills Acquired: More complex pieces, basic vibrato, shifting positions, and understanding of different bowing techniques.
- Practice Routine: 30-45 minutes daily
- Focus: Improving intonation, mastering intermediate techniques, and building a repertoire of pieces.
Advanced Level:
- Timeframe: 3 to 5 years or more
- Skills Acquired: Advanced pieces, consistent vibrato, double stops, harmonics, and refined bowing techniques.
- Practice Routine: 1 hour or more daily
- Focus: Perfecting techniques, expanding musical expression, and preparing for performances or competitions.
Consistent Practice is Important
Consistent practice is the cornerstone of learning the violin. Here’s how you can build and maintain a productive practice routine:
Set a Schedule: Dedicate a specific time each day for practice. Consistency helps develop discipline and integrates practice into your daily routine.
Create a Practice Space: Find a quiet, comfortable space free from distractions. Ensure you have all necessary equipment, including your violin, sheet music, and a metronome.
Warm Up: Begin each session with warm-up exercises. Play scales and simple pieces to get your fingers moving and your mind focused.
Break Down Practice Sessions: Divide your practice into segments. Focus on different aspects like scales, bowing exercises, and pieces. This keeps sessions engaging and comprehensive.
Use a Metronome: Practice with a metronome to develop a strong sense of timing and rhythm. This tool helps in maintaining a consistent tempo and improves overall musicality.
Record and Review: Recording your practice sessions allows for self-assessment. Listen to the recordings to identify areas needing improvement and track your progress over time.
Set Goals: Establish clear, achievable goals for each session. This keeps you focused and motivated. Whether it’s mastering a new piece or improving a technique, having goals helps measure progress.
Stay Patient: Learning the violin is a long-term commitment. Progress may seem slow at times, but patience and persistence are crucial. Celebrate small victories and keep pushing forward.
Seek Feedback: Regular feedback from a teacher or more experienced violinist can provide valuable insights. They can help correct mistakes and offer guidance on improving your technique.
Essential Violin Skills to Master
Core Techniques Every Violinist Should Learn
Mastering the violin involves several core techniques. Each technique builds the foundation for playing more complex pieces and achieving musicality. Here are the essential skills every violinist should focus on:
- Proper Posture: Proper posture is crucial. Stand or sit straight, holding the violin at a comfortable angle. Your left hand should support the neck of the violin, while your right hand controls the bow.
- Bow Hold: A correct bow hold ensures smooth, controlled bow strokes. Hold the bow with a relaxed grip, using your fingers to guide its movement. Practice holding the bow with a pencil to develop the right muscle memory.
- Finger Placement: Accurate finger placement on the fingerboard is essential for intonation. Use finger tapes as visual guides. Practice scales slowly to train your fingers to hit the correct notes.
- Bowing Techniques: Learn different bowing techniques to add variety and expression to your playing. Start with basic strokes like detache, legato, and staccato. Gradually incorporate more advanced techniques like spiccato and sautillé.
- Vibrato: Vibrato adds warmth and emotion to your playing. Practice moving your wrist and fingers in a controlled, oscillating motion. Start with slow, wide vibrato and gradually increase speed and narrowness.
- Shifting Positions: Shifting positions allows you to play higher notes and adds versatility. Practice sliding your left hand smoothly up and down the fingerboard. Use scales and arpeggios to practice shifting between positions.
- Double Stops: Playing two notes simultaneously (double stops) adds richness to your music. Start with simple intervals and gradually move to more complex ones. Ensure both notes are in tune and sound clear.
The Importance of Music Theory
Understanding music theory is vital for violinists. It provides the framework for reading music, understanding compositions, and improving overall musicianship. Here’s why music theory is important:
Reading Sheet Music: Music theory helps you read sheet music fluently. It teaches you to recognize notes, rhythms, and symbols, allowing you to play new pieces accurately.
Understanding Scales and Chords: Knowledge of scales and chords enhances your ability to play in tune and harmonize with other musicians. It also aids in improvisation and composition.
Rhythmic Accuracy: Music theory helps you understand rhythmic patterns. This is crucial for maintaining timing and playing with precision. Use a metronome to practice complex rhythms.
Musical Expression: Theory provides insights into the structure and dynamics of music. This understanding allows you to interpret pieces more expressively and connect with your audience.
The Role of Ear Training
Ear training is essential for developing intonation and musicality. It involves training your ear to recognize pitches, intervals, and rhythms. Here’s how to incorporate ear training into your practice:
- Interval Recognition: Practice identifying intervals between notes. Start with simple intervals like thirds and fifths, then move to more complex ones. Use apps or online tools for interactive exercises.
- Pitch Matching: Play a note on your violin and try to match it with your voice. This helps develop a sense of pitch and improves intonation. Use a tuner to check accuracy.
- Scale Practice: Practice scales regularly. Focus on listening to each note and ensuring it is in tune. Gradually increase speed while maintaining accuracy.
- Drone Practice: Play along with a drone (a sustained pitch). This helps you develop a sense of pitch and improves intonation. Focus on matching your pitch with the drone.
- Listening Exercises: Listen to recordings of professional violinists. Try to replicate their tone, phrasing, and dynamics. This develops your ear for musical expression and improves overall musicianship.
Choosing the Right Violin and Equipment
Selecting The Right Violin Size
Selecting the right violin size is crucial for comfort and playability. A violin that is too big or too small can hinder your progress and cause physical strain. Here’s how to choose the correct size:
- Measure Arm Length: Have the player extend their arm fully, palm up. Measure from the neck to the middle of the palm. This measurement helps determine the appropriate violin size.
- 1/16 Violin: Arm length less than 14 inches
- 1/10 Violin: Arm length between 14-15.5 inches
- 1/8 Violin: Arm length between 15.5-17 inches
- 1/4 Violin: Arm length between 17-18.5 inches
- 1/2 Violin: Arm length between 18.5-20 inches
- 3/4 Violin: Arm length between 20-22 inches
- 4/4 (Full Size) Violin: Arm length greater than 22 inches
- Test the Violin: Once you have a size in mind, test the violin. The player should be able to comfortably reach the scroll with their left hand while maintaining a relaxed posture. The bow should move easily across the strings without overextending the arm.
- Consult a Teacher: If possible, seek advice from a violin teacher. They can provide valuable insights and ensure you choose the right size.
Importance of Violin Quality
The quality of the violin significantly impacts the learning experience. A well-made violin produces better sound and is easier to play. Here’s why violin quality matters:
- Sound Quality: High-quality violins produce a richer, more resonant sound. They have better tone and projection, making it easier to play expressively. Inferior violins often sound tinny or muffled.
- Playability: Good violins are easier to play. They have smooth fingerboards, well-fitted pegs, and responsive strings. Poorly made violins can be difficult to tune and play, causing frustration.
- Durability: Quality violins are built to last. They use solid wood and superior craftsmanship, ensuring they withstand the test of time. Cheap violins may use laminate wood and poor construction, leading to frequent repairs.
- Investment: While a high-quality violin might be more expensive, it is a worthwhile investment. It retains its value and can be passed down or sold later. Cheap violins often lose value quickly and need to be replaced.
Essential Accessories for Violinists
Having the right accessories enhances your playing experience and maintains your instrument. Here are essential accessories every violinist should have:
- Bow: The bow is crucial for producing sound. Invest in a good-quality bow made of pernambuco or carbon fiber. Ensure the bow is balanced and the hair is properly tensioned.
- Rosin: Rosin creates friction between the bow and strings, producing sound. Choose high-quality rosin that matches your playing style. Apply rosin evenly to the bow hair before playing.
- Shoulder Rest: A shoulder rest provides comfort and stability. It helps maintain proper posture and reduces tension in the neck and shoulders. Select a shoulder rest that fits your violin and feels comfortable.
- Case: A sturdy case protects your violin from damage. Look for a case with a hard exterior, padded interior, and secure latches. Ensure it has compartments for accessories and sheet music.
- Tuner: A tuner helps keep your violin in tune. Use an electronic tuner or a tuning app to check each string before practice sessions. Keeping your violin in tune ensures it sounds its best.
- Cleaning Cloth: A soft, lint-free cloth is essential for cleaning your violin. Wipe down the strings, fingerboard, and body after each practice session to remove rosin dust and fingerprints.
- Music Stand: A music stand holds your sheet music at eye level. This encourages good posture and makes it easier to read music while playing. Choose a sturdy, adjustable stand.
- Mute: A mute reduces the volume of your violin. It is useful for practicing in quiet environments or late at night. Choose a mute that fits securely on your bridge without damaging the strings.
- Metronome: A metronome helps develop timing and rhythm. Practice with a metronome to maintain a consistent tempo and improve your musical accuracy.
Finding the Perfect Violin Teacher or Learning Resources
The Benefits of A Violin Teacher
A violin teacher provides invaluable guidance and support. Their expertise helps you avoid common mistakes and progress faster. Here are the key benefits of having a violin teacher:
- Personalized Feedback: A teacher gives immediate feedback, correcting your posture, finger placement, and bowing technique. This personalized attention helps you improve quickly.
- Structured Learning: Teachers provide a structured learning path. They break down complex techniques into manageable steps, ensuring you build a strong foundation.
- Motivation and Accountability: Regular lessons keep you motivated and accountable. A teacher’s encouragement can boost your confidence and commitment to practice.
- Advanced Techniques: Teachers introduce advanced techniques at the right time. They ensure you master basic skills before moving on, preventing frustration and injury.
- Performance Opportunities: Teachers often organize recitals and performances. These events provide valuable experience and help you gain confidence in playing before an audience.
Tips for Finding A Qualified Instructor
Finding the right violin teacher is crucial for your progress. Here’s how to find a qualified instructor:
- Research and Recommendations: Start by asking for recommendations from friends, family, or music stores. Online forums and local community groups can also provide leads.
- Check Qualifications: Look for teachers with formal education in music, such as a degree in violin performance or music education. Professional affiliations with organizations like the American String Teachers Association (ASTA) are a plus.
- Experience: Choose a teacher with experience in teaching students at your skill level. An experienced teacher understands the challenges beginners face and can tailor lessons accordingly.
- Teaching Style: Observe a few lessons or ask for a trial lesson. This helps you gauge the teacher’s style and see if it matches your learning preferences. Some teachers focus on classical methods, while others might incorporate modern techniques.
- Communication: A good teacher communicates clearly and patiently. They should be approachable and willing to answer your questions.
- Lesson Flexibility: Consider the location and scheduling of lessons. Choose a teacher whose schedule aligns with yours. Online lessons offer flexibility if in-person lessons are not feasible.
- Reviews and Testimonials: Check online reviews and testimonials from other students. Positive feedback and success stories indicate a reliable instructor.
Online Learning Options and Resources
Online learning has made violin education more accessible. Here are some top online learning options and resources:
- Online Courses: Platforms like Udemy, Coursera, and Skillshare offer structured violin courses. These courses cover beginner to advanced levels and include video lessons, exercises, and quizzes.
- YouTube Tutorials: YouTube hosts numerous free violin tutorials. Channels like Violinspiration, The Online Piano and Violin Tutor, and Fiddlerman provide high-quality lessons on various techniques.
- Apps and Software: Apps like Trala and Simply Violin offer interactive lessons and practice tools. They provide real-time feedback and track your progress.
- Virtual Lessons: Many qualified teachers offer virtual lessons via Zoom or Skype. This option provides personalized instruction from the comfort of your home. Websites like Lessonface and TakeLessons connect you with online teachers.
- Sheet Music and Resources: Websites like IMSLP and Violin Sheet Music provide free access to a vast library of sheet music. They offer pieces for all skill levels, helping you expand your repertoire.
- Practice Tools: Use metronomes, tuners, and recording devices to enhance your practice sessions. Apps like Tunable and Metronome Plus help you stay in tune and keep a steady rhythm.
Tips for Effective Online Learning
- Set Up a Practice Space: Create a quiet, dedicated space for practice and online lessons. Ensure good lighting and a stable internet connection.
- Stay Organized: Keep track of your progress with a practice journal. Note down feedback from online lessons and areas that need improvement.
- Self-Discipline: Online learning requires discipline. Set a regular practice schedule and stick to it.
- Interactive Features: Take advantage of interactive features in apps and courses. Use video submissions, quizzes, and practice logs to get the most out of your learning experience.
Overcoming Common Violin Learning Challenges
Specific Challenges Like Left-Hand Pain, Vibrato, and Shifting
Learning the violin comes with its set of challenges. Common issues include left-hand pain, mastering vibrato, and shifting positions. Addressing these effectively can make your learning journey smoother.
Left-Hand Pain: Left-hand pain is a common issue, especially for beginners. It often results from tension or incorrect hand positioning.
- Solution: Ensure your left hand is relaxed and your fingers curved naturally. Your thumb should be opposite your index finger, providing support without squeezing the neck. Take frequent breaks during practice to avoid strain.
Vibrato: Vibrato adds warmth and expression to your playing, but it can be challenging to master.
- Solution: Start with arm vibrato exercises. Place your hand on the shoulder of the violin, and practice a slow, controlled oscillating motion with your forearm. Gradually transfer this motion to the fingerboard, starting with slow, wide vibrato and increasing speed over time.
Shifting Positions: Shifting allows you to play higher notes and adds versatility, but it requires precision and practice.
- Solution: Practice sliding your hand smoothly up and down the fingerboard without pressing down on the strings. Use scales and arpeggios to practice shifting between positions. Start slowly and gradually increase speed as you gain confidence.
Practical Solutions and Exercises
Here are practical solutions and exercises to overcome these common challenges:
Left-Hand Pain:
- Warm-Up Exercises: Begin each practice session with finger stretching exercises. Gently pull each finger back, holding for a few seconds. Rotate your wrists to loosen up.
- Correct Posture: Ensure your shoulder rest and chin rest are properly adjusted. This helps maintain good posture and reduces tension in your left hand.
- Regular Breaks: Take breaks every 15-20 minutes to stretch and relax your hands. This prevents strain and promotes healthy practice habits.
Vibrato:
- Slow Practice: Start with slow, exaggerated vibrato movements. Place your finger on the string and move it back and forth, focusing on a smooth motion.
- Metronome Use: Practice vibrato with a metronome. Start with a slow tempo and gradually increase speed as your control improves.
- Finger and Wrist Exercises: Practice moving your fingers and wrist independently. Place your finger on a table edge and practice the vibrato motion without the violin.
Shifting Positions:
- Gliding Exercise: Practice gliding your hand up and down the fingerboard without pressing the strings. This helps develop muscle memory for smooth shifts.
- Scale Practice: Use scales to practice shifting. Start with simple scales and incorporate shifts at specific intervals. Gradually move to more complex scales as you improve.
- Position Markers: Place small stickers on the fingerboard to mark different positions. This provides a visual guide and helps with accuracy.
Encouragement and Motivation
Staying motivated during your violin journey is crucial. Here’s how to keep your spirits high:
Set Achievable Goals: Break down your learning into small, manageable goals. Celebrate each milestone, whether it’s mastering a new technique or playing a piece fluently.
Track Progress: Keep a practice journal. Note down what you practiced, areas of improvement, and goals for the next session. This helps track your progress and stay focused.
Join a Community: Engage with other violin learners. Join online forums, social media groups, or local music clubs. Sharing experiences and tips can provide additional motivation and support.
Perform Regularly: Arrange mini-recitals for family and friends. Performing helps build confidence and provides a sense of accomplishment.
Listen to Professional Violinists: Regularly listen to recordings of professional violinists. This inspires you and helps develop your musical ear. Try to replicate their tone, phrasing, and dynamics.
Stay Positive: Learning the violin is a marathon, not a sprint. Progress may be slow, but every practice session brings you closer to your goal. Stay patient and persistent.
Conclusion
Learning the violin is a rewarding journey that requires dedication and the right approach. From selecting the appropriate violin size and quality to mastering essential techniques, each step builds a strong foundation. Understanding music theory and incorporating ear training are crucial for overall musicality. Finding a qualified teacher or utilizing online resources provides structured guidance and personalized feedback. Overcoming common challenges like left-hand pain, vibrato, and shifting positions with practical exercises ensures steady progress. Consistent practice, patience, and a positive mindset are key to mastering the violin. Remember to set achievable goals, track progress, and stay motivated by engaging with the violin community. With the right tools and support, anyone can enjoy the fulfilling experience of playing the violin.
FAQs
- How often should I practice the violin?
- Aim for daily practice, even if it’s just for 20-30 minutes.
- Can adults learn to play the violin?
- Yes, adults can learn the violin with dedication and consistent practice.
- How do I know if my violin is the right size?
- Measure your arm length and consult sizing guides or a violin teacher.
- What are essential accessories for a violinist?
- A bow, rosin, shoulder rest, case, tuner, cleaning cloth, music stand, mute, and metronome.
- How long does it take to learn the violin?
- It varies, but beginners can expect to see progress within 6 months to a year with regular practice.